01

Build a release fingerprint

Start with the catalogue number, label, country, year and format. Matrix or runout markings can distinguish otherwise similar releases, but sellers do not always provide them. Match multiple identifiers before accepting a first-pressing claim.

  • Catalogue number and label
  • Country and release year
  • Matrix or runout text
  • Format, speed and disc count
02

Separate media from sleeve condition

A record and its packaging age differently. Read both grades, then inspect the seller’s notes for scratches, warping, seam splits, writing, stickers and missing inserts. Grading remains subjective even when a shared scale is used.

03

Compare the same release

Group prices by release identity and condition before drawing conclusions. International postage can exceed the price difference, while rare variants with poor identification may deserve caution rather than a premium.